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Structure characteristics of the CNC lathe

the structure of the numerical control lathe numerical control lathe and the spindle box, tool post, feed transmission system, the lathe bed, hydraulic system, cooling system, lubricating system, such as parts, just feed system of CNC lathe with horizontal lathe feed system there is a fundamentally different in structure. The movement of the horizontal lathe spindle after hanging wheel frame, feed box, slip board box to the tool post, end of the longitudinal and transverse feed motion. And numerical control lathe is choose servo motor, the ball screw to skateboard and tool rest, z to the end, Longitudinal) And to the ( Lateral) Feed movement. CNC lathe has the function of processing of thread, the spindle rotation and movement between the tool post mobile contact by nc system to control. Numerical control lathe spindle pulse encoder is equipment in the cabinet, the movement of the main shaft through synchronous cog belt to the pulse encoder. When the spindle rotates, pulse encoder has declared to detect the pulse signal to the numerical control system, the rotation of the spindle motor and the rest of cutting feed movement in touch, needed to keep the processing thread end processing thread spindle turn a turn, a tool rest z to mobile workpiece lead. The layout of the CNC lathe CNC lathe parts, such as the spindle, tail relatively bed layout method and horizontal lathe roots together, in the head and the layout of the guide way to attack the roots changes in, this is because the tool rest and the layout of the guide way to directly influence the use function and structure of the nc lathe and appearance. Other, CNC lathes have closed protective equipment. The layout of the lathe bed and guide rail. The relative orientation of the numerical control lathe bed guide rail with horizontal plane a total of 4 kinds of layout method. Technology of horizontal lathe bed good, easy to guide the processing. Lathe bed with level with knife slimming can advance the rate of movement of the tool post, generally can be used for the layout of the large or small precision CNC lathe numerical control lathe. However, horizontal lathe bed lower part of the space is little, which causes the difficulty in chip removal. Look from structural standards, rest placed makes slide transverse standard is longer, and then increase the standard of the structure of the machine tool width. Horizontal lathe bed with tilted skateboard and equipped with tilting guide the layout of the shield method, on the one hand, there are horizontal lathe bed good manufacturability characteristic; Tool width of standard level, on the other hand, equipped with a skateboard, and chip removal is very convenient. Horizontal lathe bed with tilted skateboard and slant bed equipped with inclined slide layout method was widely use by small and medium-sized CNC lathe. This is because the two kinds of chip removal a brief layout method, chip won't pile up on the guide rail, also facilitate equipment active chip removal device; Convenient operation, easy to mechanical equipment, to end the single active; Machine cover an area of an area small, appearance is concise, beautiful, brief the closed end of the protection. CNC lathe tool rest is an important part of the machine tool, cutting tool carrier is used for clamping tool, therefore, it directly affect the cutting function of machine tool structure and cutting power, surely in extent, head structure and function embodies the level of planning and production CNC lathe. Followed the development of numerical control lathe tool carrier structure to continuous innovation, but as a whole can be roughly divided into two categories, namely the knife type tool rest and turret head. Some turning center still choose active in knife knife library of equipment. Row of knife rest is commonly used in small numerical control lathe, each kind of cutting tools is put and clamping on the mobile skateboarding, tool change can end when active positioning. Turret head also called or knife, knife tower has vertical and horizontal structure of two kinds of methods. With multiple blade active positioning equipment, through the rotation of the turret head, dividing and positioning to end machine tool change action actively. Degree of turret head should be accurate and reliable positioning, high repeat positioning accuracy, transfer speed, clamping cut sex good, to ensure the high precision and high power of CNC lathe. Some turret head end not only can active positioning, will also be able to transfer power. Now, more than two coordinates linkage lathe with 12 station turret tool post, also have choose 6, 8, 10 station turret head. Turret head on the machine layout has two ways: one is used for processing plate parts turret head, the rotating shaft is perpendicular to the axis; Another kind is used for manufacturing axial and plate parts turret head, the rotating shaft is parallel to the axis. Four CNC lathe bed body coordinate control device has two independent board and turret tool carrier, is called double four-axis CNC lathe. Meanwhile, each head cutting feeding is controlled, therefore, two different parts of the cutting tool rest can together the same artifacts, already expanded the process planning, and processing power forward. Four-axis CNC lathe structure is messy, and the demand of special CNC system, an end to two independent manipulation of the tool post, suitable for processing the crankshaft, aircraft parts and other shapes, messy, batch larger parts.

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